HEART FAILURE

HEART FAILURE

The term ‘heart failure’ describes a situation when the heart is not functioning properly. Like adults, heart failure can also occur newborns, infants, toddlers and teenagers but for the reasons very different from those that cause heart failure in adults. It can also occur in newborns, infants, toddlers and teenagers for other reasons. Since heart failure has different causes and outcomes, it's important to recognize how it's diagnosed, treated and even cured in younger children. Heart failure in children occurs mainly because of the these reasons:

• Over circulation Failure: This defect occurs when blood mixes inside the heart due to a congenital heart defect.
• Pump Failure: Pump Failure occurs when the heart muscle becomes damaged and no longer contracts normally.

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Cardiac Bypass Surgery - Bypass to Health

A Cardiac bypass surgery is an operation to restore the flow of blood through the arteries that supply blood to the heart, when a blockage or partial blockage occurs in these arteries.It is a surgery in which a healthy blood vessel segment is used to take a different path around a blocked artery. It is most commonly performed to bypass a blocked coronary artery that supplies blood to the heart but may be done in other body locations.
The arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients are known as the coronary arteries. The word "coronary" means a crown, and is the name given to these arteries that circle the heart like a crown. The narrowing of the arteries of the heart is known as coronary artery disease, which is the most common form of heart disease.

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CARDIAC SURGERY IN INDIA - FORTIS HEALTHCARE

Fortis Escorts, Raipur a Super Speciality in Cardiac Sciences provides the following

Cardiology and Cardiac related services: Fully equipped coronary care set-up geared towards managing cardiac emergencies, Fully functional non-invasive cardiac lab-where exercise/pharmacological stress test is conducted, Cath Labs for minimally invasive percutaneous procedures, State-of-the-art Colour Doppler - echocardiography and stress echo conducted on digitized machines, Holter monitoring and 24 hours ambulatory BP monitoring, High-end procedures conducted include Angiography, Angioplasty, Bypass Surgery (CABG), Open Heart Surgery, Pacemaker Implant and R F Ablation.

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CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY

CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) involves sewing one end an artery or vein above a blocked coronary artery and the other end below the blockage, thereby allowing blood an alternative means to get to the heart. The arteries or veins used for the bypass (which are known as "grafts") are usually obtained from the leg or the chest wall.

Bypass surgery may not be possible if the coronary artery is heavily calcified or if the disease is very widespread. CABG can be done with or without connecting the patient to heart-lung machine, depending on the kind of blockages and surgeon's decision. Several new surgical approaches are being developed, which can potentially reduce the discomfort and complications associated with traditional bypass surgery.

These are collectively referred to as being "minimally invasive." In general, these approaches focus on performing bypass surgery though a very small chest incision and performing bypass surgery while the heart is still beating (ie, without the need for a heart/lung bypass machine).

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Viral Infection of Heart - An Overview

Viral and bacterial infections cause three types of heart-muscle inflammation:

endocarditis, myocarditis and pericarditis. Pericarditis may lead to fluid buildup around the heart (cardiac tamponade), which is drained in a procedure called pericardiocentesis.

Virtually any virus can cause myocarditis, but the most common are enteroviruses, influenza (flu) virus, and the common viruses of childhood, such as rubeola (which causes measles) and varicella (which causes chickenpox). Other causes include bacterial infections such as Lyme disease, toxins such as cocaine, and autoimmune diseases (diseases in which the body's disease-fighting immune system attacks the body's own tissues) such as lupus. In most cases, no definitive cause is found, and the agent responsible is presumed to be a virus.

Most cases of viral myocarditis are mild or asymptomatic (without symptoms) and the condition is never suspected. Usually, there is some damage to the heart muscle, which can cause enlargement of the heart, shortness of breath, and heart palpitations and arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms). Sometimes, the non-cardiac manifestations of the viral infection -- such as rash, fever and sore throat -- are most prominent. Chest pain, when present, can make it difficult to distinguish myocarditis from a heart attack.

The most distressing thing about viral myocarditis is whom it strikes. Most patients have had no significant previous illness and may be in the prime of life. Then, without warning, heart failure develops.

Definitive diagnosis can be made by biopsy (removal of a small piece of tissue for examination) of the inside lining of the heart. This procedure is performed by inserting a catheter (a flexible tube) into a blood vessel in the groin and pushing it along until it reaches the heart.

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